Ktlit



.I. C. SCHAFFER.

KILN..

' APPLICATION FILED APR- 25, I915.

Patented 00t.'14, NHL

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

- attoznag J. C. SCHAFFER.

KILN. APPLICATION FILED APR. 26, I915. 1,318,806. Patented Oct. 14,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1m; comma pumpin co., WASHINGTON. u. c.

UNITE .sTATnsm QFFIC JOHN of. SCHAFFER, or mlrrfiv, onro,

' KILN.

To all whom z'tmay concern.-

Be it'known that LJOHN' 1C. Soriarrrnn, a. citizen of the United States of America, re-- siding at 'Tiflin', Seneca county, Ohio, have invented new and useful Kilns, of'which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to 'gasfiproducing, conducting and distributi'ngmeans, especially at high temperatures.

This inventlon has utility when incorporated in kilns for dryi11g.-andburning ware, as in the handling of clay products.

Referring to the drawings Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a kiln grouping embodying the invention,

say for drying and burning bricks; p

Fig. 2 is a section of the expansion joint in the shell of the overhead duct;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged floor vertical section along the line of a branch or radiating flue; F Fig. 4 is a section on the line VIVI,

Fig. 5 is a plan View, with parts broken away, of one of the kilns;

Fig. 6 is a section on the line VI-VI,

Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a section on the line VII-VII, Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a section on the line VIIIVIII, Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of one of the grate bars ,of the furnace of Fig. 8; and

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the grate bars of Fig. 9.

The kiln may have the circular refractory wall 1 inclosed in the sheet metal sheathing 2. This cylindrical walled kiln is shown as provided with a plurality of furnaces 3 hav: ing the downwardly inclined grate bars i with the flat or closed upper portions 5 and the narrow or open lower portions 6. These grate bars may be sustained on the tubes 7 projecting through the furnace 3 for air cooling. As assembled these grate bars have their upper portions 5 form a coking bed, while as the fuel works down thereovcr to the open lower portions 6, there is the free burning grate section, from the lower portion of which the ash is discharged.

The cylindrical or kiln side wall 1 has the inner or long radius crown or top 8 with the plurality of openings 9 arranged as a circular series communicating from the kiln interior with the flattened flue section or chamber 10 disposed between the crown 8 and the shorter-radius outer top or crown 11 having Patented Oct. 14,1919.' Applicati'onfiled April 26, 1915. Serial 110124.,174.

an annular series of openings 12 registering with the hot furnace gases coming over the. furnace balfle wall .14: directs these gases for burning the thoroughly dried material in a charged kiln. For this operation the inner openings 9 may be closed, or the line15 may be manipulated to close the damper 16 to the overhead duct 17 by swinging thedamper 16 against the abutment 16'. The hot gases are thoroughly distributed about the kiln and the ware therein, and pass out through the bottom openings 18 to the stub flues 19 interconnected by the hollow tile ducts 20 with the spoke or radiating fiues 21 in communication with the main central flue 22 downwardly extending to the kiln connecting duct or tunnel 23 from whence the hot gases may enter the adjacent kiln 24 for updraft heating thereof, entering through the distributed openings 18 as well as the-spoke flue openings 25. The dried ware is thus thoroughly dried from the bottom or water smoked, so that the lower ware becomes firm and of increased strength, thus minimizing danger of crushing or breaking down of the lower ware. The double bottom formed by the inter-flue ducts 20, prevents floor chilling and makes possible such heat at the lowermost or floor contacting ware as to produce merchantable output. hese gases travel upward in their natural course through the ware, and eifective distribution throughout this rising is maintained owing to the distributed outlet openings 9 in the inner top 8. The gases passing the openings 9 enter the chamber 10 and with the damper 16 open are drawn into the overhead duct 17 by the draft inducing means or fan 26.

To care for expansion and contraction, due to heat changes, in the overhead duct 17 inner and outer rings 27 28, overlap the spaced ends of the shell sections 17 (Fig. 2).

In the tunnel, intermediate the duct sections 23 is the flanged pocket 29, within the flanges of which the sections 23 may be embraced, and nested in sand or fire clay. This pocket 29 has the opening 30 therein to permit rolling of the disk or damper 31 into tunnel or duct closing position, in cutting Out the down draft from one kiln being delivered to a second kiln, or directing such downdraft to a proper adjacent updraft kiln in the series. When the disk or fire clay slab 31 is rolled full closed, or to any desired adjusted position, the pocket may be closed by the covering 32.

The double bottom and double top permit provision of uniformly warmed areas thereabout. The top is Well insulated from the outside air, when the kiln is running downdraft. The pro-firing updraft Water smoking operation thoroughly warms the bottom and the Ware thereon, so that When this operation is completed and the kiln is fired for downdraft operation, the distributed gases act readily for thoroughly treating the entire charge, as the tunnel 23 conducts the gases therefrom for up-draft warming of another kiln in the series. The structures and their elements combine for simplicity of operation With great fuel economy.

The upper duct 17 is maintained by the Copies or this patent may be obtained for saddles 33 supported by the upwardly converging uprights 34, supplemented by the diagonal braces 35.

WVhat is claimed and it is desired to secure by Letters Patent is:

A kiln having a central flue, first radiating flues extending therefrom, second additional radiating fiues intermediate the first radiatfiues, the radially remote passages being longer, said floor having a plurality of openings into the kiln from the first and second radiating flues.

In Witness whereof I afiix my signature.

JOHN G. SCHAFFER.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, 1). C. 

